Thymosin stimulates the development of T-cells. Throughout your childhood years, growing up, your white blood cells, called lymphocytes, pass through the thymus, where they transformed into T-cells.

Once T-cells have fully matured in the thymus, they migrate to the lymph nodes (groups of immune system t-cells) throughout the body, where they aid the immune system in helping fighting disease. Also, some lymphocytes, regardless if they reside in the lymph nodes or thymus in the body, can develop into cancers, also (known as Hodgkin disease, and non-Hodgkin lymphomas), and can also be harmful to the cell.

Though the thymus gland is only active until puberty as we grow, the endocrine and the lymphatic gland plays a significant role in the body of your long-term body health.

Enhances the function of specific immune cells called T-cells and dendritic cells. Help eradicate unhealthy cells and stop the infection or cancer growth. Exhibits antibacterial, antifungal properties, and Suppresses tumor growth.

The thymus is a tiny gland in the body organ behind the breastbone that plays a vital role in the immune system and the endocrine system. The thymus begins to atrophy (decay) during puberty, its effect in “training” the T lymphocytes to fight infections and even cancer in the body.

The Anatomy of the Body

The thymus gland lies in the chest in the body, directly behind the breastbone (sternum), and in front of the heart in the area between the lungs called the anterior mediastinum. Sometimes, however, the thymus gland is found in another (ectopic) location, such as in the neck, the thyroid gland, or on the lung’s (the pleura) near the area where the blood vessels and bronchi enter the lungs.

It is named the thymus due to its shape being similar to that of a thyme leaf—pyramid-shaped with two lobes. The two portions of the thymus are broken down into lobules. These lobules have an outer cortex occupied by immature T lymphocytes, and an inner medulla occupied by mature T lymphocytes.

It is considered a lymphoid organ (an organ of the immune system) similar to the tonsils, adenoids, and spleen.

Cells of the Thymus

Several different cell types are present within the thymus gland:

• Epithelial cells: cells that line body surfaces and cavities
• Kulchitsky cells: cells that are the hormone-producing cells of the thymus or neuroendocrine cells
• Thymocytes: cells that become mature T lymphocytes

The thymus gland is also home to some macrophages. Macrophages are known as the “garbage trucks” of the immune system because they eat foreign matter. Dendritic cells and a few B lymphocytes (the types of lymphocytes that produce antibodies) also reside in the thymus.

Interestingly, the thymus gland also contains some myoid (muscle-like) cells.

Changes With Age

The thymus gland is large in infants, but after infancy, it grows and reaches its maximum size during puberty. After puberty, the thymus gland shrinks and becomes replaced mainly with fat.

The gland is tiny in older adults, but can sometimes atrophy prematurely in response to severe stress. The term used to describe the atrophy of the thymus gland with age is “thymic involution.”

Function

The thymus gland is very active from before birth until puberty. It functions as both a lymphatic organ and an endocrine organ (an organ of the endocrine system that produces hormones). To understand the role the thymus gland plays in immunity, it’s helpful to first distinguish between T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes.

T-Cells vs. B-Cells

T-cells (also known as T lymphocytes or thymus-derived lymphocytes) mature in the thymus gland and play a central role in cell-mediated immunity, meaning the batteries themselves are active in fighting off foreign invaders such as bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, and more.

In contrast, B lymphocytes are part of the humoral immune system and produce antibodies directed at specific invaders.

T-Cell Training Ground

As part of the adaptive immune system, the thymus can be thought of as the T lymphocytes’ training ground. During childhood, immature T-cells (called progenitor cells) originate in the bone marrow travel via the bloodstream to the thymus gland, where they mature and differentiate into specialized T-cells.

Types of T-Cells

T-cells in the thymus differentiate into three primary types.

• Cytotoxic T-cells. The word cytotoxic means “to kill.” These cells are responsible for directly killing infected cells.
• Helper T-cells. These cells are responsible for producing antibodies by B-cells and activating other types of T-cells to address a foreign invader.
• Regulatory T-cells. These cells function as “police.” They suppress both B-cells and other T-cells.

Positive and Negative Selection

The immature T-cells that leave the bone marrow enter the thymus in the cortex (known as the thymus). During “training,” these cells are taught to recognize antigens associated with foreign cells and matter in a positive selection process. Cells are positively for usefulness.

Once the T-cells have learned to recognize specific pathogens, they travel to the medulla to undergo “negative selection.” In the medulla, the mature T-cells introduced to the body’s antigens. Since T-cells that would react with the body’s antigens could attack a person’s cells, they eliminated. T-cells negatively selected for autoimmunity, and these self-attacking cells either die or turn into regulatory cells.

Not all T-cells make it through this selection process, and only around 2% eventually make it through positive and negative selection.

The survivors exposed to hormones produced by the thymus gland complete their maturation before being released to do their job (circulating in the bloodstream or waiting in the lymph nodes for foreign invaders).

Hormone Production

The thymus gland produces several hormones, including:

• Thymopoietin and thymulin which are hormones that assist in the process where T-cells differentiate into different types
• Thymosin, which accentuates the immune response as well as stimulating pituitary hormones such as growth hormone
• Thymic humoral factor, which acts similarly to thymosin, but increases the immune response to viruses in particular

The thymus gland may produce small amounts of hormones produced in other areas of the body, such as melatonin and insulin. Cells in the thymus gland (such as epithelial cells) also have receptors through which other hormones can regulate its function.

Roles

The mature T-cells derived have a few significant roles.

Immunity

T-cells are part of the adaptive immune system, in which each T-cell has trained to recognize a particular antigen. When exposed to a foreign cell, cytotoxic T-cells lock onto the battery and kill it with assistance from the helper and regulatory T-cells, It will also be referred to as cell-mediated immunity, as it involves the use of immune cells to fight infections.

Autoimmunity

In general, T-cells barricaded in the cortex of the thymus, so they do not become sensitized to the body’s cells. However, the process of adverse selection in the medulla used to get rid of cells that accidentally have become sensitized to “self.

This function helps prevent the development of autoimmune disorders, which are medical conditions in which the body attacks its tissues rather than foreign invaders. If the thymus gland removed early in life, a person could develop one of these disorders.

Anti Aging

In recent years it’s been determined that aging isn’t merely a process in which the body wears out, but is an active process. In other words, we designed to age. The involution of the thymus gland may be a form of programmed aging, with the complexity (beginning around age 60) being the trigger for the deterioration of the immune system with age.

This decrease is immunity resulting from thymus involution can increase the risk of infections and reduce the response to vaccines.

Several studies have looked at methods to delay the atrophy of the thymus with hopes of slowing the aging process. Early studies suggest that calorie restriction may slow the atrophy, but the research is still in its infancy.

Diseases and Disorders

Some several diseases and disorders can affect the thymus gland, ranging from genetic disorders that are evident at birth to cancers that are most common in older adults. These disorders can lead to problems with immunity and autoimmunity, such as myasthenia gravis4 and hypogammaglobulinemia.

Hypoplasia/Aplasia of the Thymus

The developmental disorder called DiGeorge syndrome is an uncommon condition marked by a significant reduction or absence of thymus function. Caused by a gene mutation, and children with the disease will have severe immunodeficiency, a high risk of infections, and hypoparathyroidism.

Thymic Follicular Hyperplasia

Enlargement (hyperplasia) of lymphoid follicles in the thymus gland often seen in autoimmune diseases such as myasthenia gravis, Graves’ disease, and lupus.

Thymic Cysts

On their own, thymic cysts are often an incidental finding, but they can be important because they sometimes hide cancer (thymoma or lymphoma).

Tumors of the Thymus Gland

Thymomas are tumors that arise in thymic epithelial cells of the thymus gland and may be benign (usually harmless) or malignant (cancerous). They may occur in the usual location of the thymus gland in the mediastinum and in other regions where the thymus gland sometimes located, such as the neck, thyroid gland, or lungs. Other tumors that may occur in the thymus include thymic lymphomas, germ cell tumors, and carcinoids.

The symptoms of thymomas may be related to the tumor’s location in the chest (such as shortness of breath). Still, these tumors may also be discovered due to paraneoplastic syndromes associated with cancer. There are several of these types of conditions.

• Myasthenia Gravis (MG). The autoimmune condition myasthenia gravis occurs in roughly 25% of people with thymomas, but may also occur with thymic hyperplasia. MG is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease caused by problems in communication between nerves and muscles. It characterized by profound weakness of muscles (both in the extremities and respiratory muscles—this can lead to breathing problems).
• Pure Red Cell Aplasia. This condition is a rare autoimmune disorder in which T-cells are directed against red blood cells’ precursors, leading to severe anemia. It occurs in roughly 5% of people with thymomas.
• Hypogammaglobulinemia. Hypogammaglobulinemia (low levels of antibodies) occurs in approximately 10% of people with thymomas.

Thymomas may also cause a condition referred to as thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity. This condition is similar to the rejection seen in some people who have had organ transplants (graft vs. host disease). In this case, the thymic tumor produces T-cells that attack a person’s body.

Thymectomy

Surgery to remove the thymus gland may be done for several reasons. One is for congenital heart surgery. A congenital heart condition is a congenital disability of the heart. Due to the location of the thymus gland, surgeons must remove to gain access to the center in infants.

Another common reason for this surgery is for a person with thymic cancer. Also, myasthenia gravis (MG) is another condition treated with thymectomy. When the thymus gland removed, roughly 60% of people with myasthenia gravis achieved remission.

However, it can take months to years for these effects to be apparent with myasthenia gravis. When used for MG, surgery usually done between puberty and middle age to avoid the potential consequences of removing the thymus gland earlier.

Consequences of Thymus Removal

The thymus gland provides a critical role in cell-mediated immunity. Fortunately, a significant part of this benefit occurs before birth (the T-cells formed during development in the uterus are long-lasting).

However, there are potential consequences of removal early in life, like when the thymus is removed during heart surgery in infants. It appears that early dismissal can increase the risk of developing infections. The development of autoimmune diseases (such as autoimmune thyroid disease), the risk of atopic disease (allergies, asthma, and eczema), and possibly the risk of cancer, like T-cells, perform a vital role in preventing cancer.

There is also some evidence that thymus removal may be associated with premature aging of the immune system.

A Word From AAI Rejuvenation Clinic

The thymus gland is a tiny gland that virtually disappears with age but plays a vital role in immunity and autoimmunity for a person’s lifetime. As changes in the thymus gland have linked with the aging of the immune system, and such virus-like COVID-19, researchers study ways to delay the atrophy. Since many autoimmune diseases have increased significantly in recent years, more will likely learn about the proper health of this gland in the future.

The Post Cycle Therapy (PCT), and Testosterone Injections Therapy goes hand on hand, Most men embarking on a testosterone injectable therapy replacement protocol are doing so as a result of medical reason or age-related issues that are affecting their life.

Now patients with problems and that face their low testosterone, the related concerns and do not allow fully experience the decline associated with maintaining extended periods of low hormones levels and will usually benefit from comprehensive testosterone therapy.

Note: that the specific drug and dose prescribed will depend on the particular information contained within each patient medical file and medical reason, as well as the individual goals patients.

Example:

• Day 1. (50–250 mg) of testosterone injection.
• Day 2. Two estrogen blocker or inhibitor.
• Day 3. One injectable of an amino acid or vitamin B-vitamin.
• Day 5. One estrogen blocker or inhibitor by mouth.
• Day 6. One injection of a (250–800 units) of testosterone secretagogue.
• Day 7. One estrogen blocker or inhibitor (sometimes two estrogen blockers a week is enough, But depending on the patient file).
• Day 7. One injection of a (250–800 units) of testosterone secretagogue.

Example: This protocol for a man focused on muscle development (reversing lean muscle loss), Muscle development protocols, also work well in patients that may react to therapy with too much aromatization (estrogen accumulation).

Men are experiencing excessive aromatization and lean muscle depletion who are focused on rebuilding muscle, with Peptides.

Note: that the specific drug and dose prescribed will depend on the particular information contained within each patient medical file, as well as the individual patient goals.

Example:

• Day 1. (50–150 mg) of a combination of testosterone esters,
  (15–30 units) Sermorelin Peptides before Bedtime.
• Day 2. Two estrogen blocker or inhibitor,
  (15–30 units) Sermorelin Peptides before Bedtime.
• Day 3. One injection of an amino acid or B-vitamin,
  (15–30 units) Sermorelin Peptides before Bedtime.
• Day 4. Combination of (50–150 mg) testosterone esters,
  (15–30 units) Sermorelin Peptides before Bedtime.
• Day 5. One estrogen blocker or inhibitor by mouth,
  (15–30 units) Sermorelin Peptides before Bedtime.
• Day 6. One injection of a (250–800 units) of testosterone secretagogue.
• Day 7. One estrogen blocker or inhibitor (sometimes two estrogen blockers a week is enough, But depending on the patient file).
• Day 7. One injection of a (250–800 units) of testosterone secretagogue.

This weekly cycle would typically continue for 6–9 months, before a break period in which the body is allowed to normalize and reactivate your natural production.

What is Sermorelin?

Sermorelin is a peptide comprised of the first 29 amino acids of endogenous GH; the sequence is the same as endogenous GHRH. As we age, our body produces less and less of our vital hormones, including GH. Studies have revealed that sermorelin can restore GH RNA concentrations to youthful levels, which subsequently stimulates the production of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).

Remember: When you are artificially manipulating your testosterone levels, some other functions of the body stop operating since endogenous testosterone production is shut down because of the presence of high levels of exogenous hormone. You will need Post Cycle Therapy on your break from testosterone therapy.

Break Period: Generally referred to as the Post Cycle Therapy (PCT), consists of medications that are formulated to reactivate the dormant systems that we have not used while your testosterone Injections therapy.

The essential functions that need to reactivate with your
Post Cycle Therapy:

• FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone): This will stimulate sperm production in the testes.
• LH (luteinizing hormone): This will stimulate testosterone production in the testes.

The reason why is because estrogen accumulation after extended periods of high testosterone levels, and water retention can cause, decreased libido, and other side effects associated with high estradiol levels from past testosterone therapy.

Well-structured Testosterone Injection Therapy

Following Results:

• Week One: If you have never received testosterone injections before and are suffering from hypogonadism (clinically low testosterone), you should begin to experience invaluable changes just 3 or 4 days after your first administration. You should sleep better and have more energy.

• Week Two: Morning erections make a significant comeback! In men with erectile dysfunction problems, morning erections help to determine if their problems stem from a psychological or a physiological problem.

• Week Three: You will begin to notice a sense of clarity as your cognitive function improves. Your ability to recall information and your articulation will improve. You will suddenly realize that you feel more mentally sharp and able, which will allow you to better cope with stress and pressure.

• The End of Month One: Your energy levels should be noticeably increased throughout the day.

• Month Two: The same health manifestations that you were experiencing throughout your first month should continue to develop and improve. Your energy levels should still be increasing, and you should have a stronger “go-getter” attitude.

• Month Three: There should now be a significant, noticeable difference in your energy level and output. Your workouts will require less effort and will yield quicker, more visible results. The time you need for muscle healing and recuperation after exercise should be reduced.

• Month Four: By now, your endurance, stamina, exercise potential, and overall performance ability should supersede all your expectations. If you have never been on testosterone therapy before your first program and you have been eating well and exercising from the beginning, you will be surprised at the level of transformation you have experienced. Furthermore, it will be evident that these results and this amount of energy output would not be possible without restoring your testosterone levels to the numbers had in your youth.

• Month Five: The changes and improvements in your physical performance, ability, and growth will be fantastic. If you were experiencing mental problems such as sadness, depression, anxiety, or even mental fatigue, by now you should notice substantial progress in your ability to deal with unpleasant or challenging scenarios and circumstances. Remember that all the other positive changes you have experienced will also contribute to a sense of self-improvement. This makes you naturally feel better about your progression and growth. More importantly, the physiological changes in brain chemical secretion add to your sense of fulfillment, happiness, and overall well-being.

• Month Six: All individuals are receiving testosterone experience different effects by six months of therapy. What you experience will also depend on how many cycles of testosterone therapy you have participated in previously. Sometimes, a user’s sense of improvement begins to dwindle or remain stagnant. The body can become used to the type, or ester, of testosterone that is being used if the same therapy is continued for more than 1 or 2 years. Also, because other processes in the body cease to function when testosterone levels are manipulated using testosterone injections, the benefits of therapy begin to diminish and the “feel good” scenarios that were being experienced stopped.

Well-structured Sermorelin Therapy:

Month one:

• Increased energy
• Deeper, more restful sleep
• Improved stamina
• A more content state of mind

Month Two:

• Reduced belly fat
• Improved metabolism
• The return of some muscle tone
• Improved skin tone and fewer wrinkles
• Stronger hair and nails

Month Three:

• Increased mental focus
• Improved flexibility and joint health
• More feelings of drive and ambition
• Enhanced sex drive and performance

Month Four:

• Improved mental acuity
• Better skin elasticity
• Further improved appearance of the hair and nails
• Continued weight loss
• Increased lean muscle mass

Month Five:

• Continued loss of belly fat
• Improved skin tone with the reduced appearance of wrinkles
• Noticeably fuller, healthier hair

Month Six:

• A 5–10% reduction in body fat, without diet or exercise
• A 10% increase in lean muscle mass
• Significantly improved physique
• Increased vitality dies to organ regrowth (vital organs, including the brain, shrink with age)

What is Follicle Stimulating Hormone

What is Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), is one of the gonadotrophic hormones, and the other being a Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The pituitary gland releases both into the bloodstream and body, and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is one of the hormones essential for the development function of women’s ovaries and men’s testes. In women, Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) stimulates the growth in the ovary before the release of an egg from one follicle to the ovulation. It also increases estradiol production. In men, Stimulating Follicle Hormone (FSH) acts on the Sertoli cells of the testes to stimulate sperm production (spermatogenesis).

How is Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) control?

The release of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is regulated by the levels of some circulating hormones released by the ovaries and testes. This system is called the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. The gonadotropin-releasing hormone is published in the hypothalamus and the receptors in the anterior pituitary gland to stimulate both the synthesis release of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The released Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is carried in the bloodstream, where it binds to receptors in the testes and the ovaries. Using this mechanism Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), along with Luteinizing Hormone (LH), can control the functions of the ovaries and testes.

In women, when hormone levels are deficient, and it has complication the menstrual cycle, this is sensed by nerve cells in the hypothalamus. These cells produce the more gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, which in turn stimulates the pituitary gland to produce more Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH), and release these into the bloodstream. The rise in Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and stimulates the growth of the follicle in the ovary, and the cells of the follicles produce increasing amounts of estradiol. In turn, this production of these hormones is sensed by the hypothalamus, and pituitary gland and less gonadotrophin-releasing hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) will be released, However, as the follicle grows, and more and more estrogen is produced from the follicles, it simulates a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), which stimulates the released egg from a mature follicle – ovary.

During women menstrual cycle, there is a rise the Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) secretion in the first half of the period and stimulates follicular growth in the ovary, after ovulation, each month the ruptured follicle forms and Corpus luteum that produces high levels of progesterone. This inhibits the release of stimulating Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), and towards the end of the cycle the Corpus luteum breaks down, and progesterone production decreases. The next menstrual period begins when Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) starts the production again, and get back to normal…

Now In men, the production of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is regulated by levels of testosterone and inhibin, both produced by the testes. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) regulates testosterone levels and when this rise they are sensed by nerve cells in the hypothalamus so that gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion and consequently Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is decreased. The opposite occurs when testosterone levels drop. This is known as a ‘Negative Feedback in the body’ control so that the production of testosterone remains steady. But the sensed by cells in the anterior pituitary gland rather than the hypothalamus.

What happens if you have too much Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)?

Most often, and raised levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) are a sign of malfunction in the ovary or testis. If the gonads fail to create enough estrogen, testosterone and inhibit, the right feedback control of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) production from the pituitary gland is lost, and the levels of both Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) will rise. This condition is called hypogonadotropic-hypogonadism and is associated with primary ovarian failure or testicular failure. This is seen in states such as Klinefelter’s syndrome in men and Turner syndrome in women.

In women, Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) levels also start to rise naturally in women around the menopausal period, reflecting a reduction in the function of the ovaries and decline of estrogen and progesterone production.

There are rare pituitary conditions that can raise the levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) in the bloodstream. This overwhelms the regular negative feedback and can cause ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in women ovaries.

Symptoms: This includes enlarging of the ovaries and potentially dangerous accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, and triggered the rise in ovarian steroid output. Which leads to pain and other problems in the pelvic area of the body.

What happens if don’t produce enough Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)?

In women, lack of Follicle-Stimulating-Hormone (FSH) leads to incomplete development in puberty o poor ovarian function (ovarian failure), and In this situation ovarian follicles do not grow properly and do not release in the egg, thus leading to infertility. Since levels of Follicle-Stimulating-Hormone (FSH) in the bloodstream are low, this condition is called hypogonadotropic-hypogonadism. This condition is called Kallman’s syndrome, which is associated with a reduced sense of smell.

Sufficient Follicle-Stimulating-Hormone (FSH), this action is also needed for proper sperm production in men, in case of complete absence of Follicle Stimulating in men, and the lack of puberty and infertility due no production of sperm is called (azoospermia). Partial Follicle-Stimulating-Hormone (FSH) deficiency in young men, can also cause delayed puberty and low sperm production, called (oligozoospermia), but fathering a child may still be possible. Follicle-Stimulating-Hormone (FSH) occurs after puberty; there will be a similar loss of fertility…

What is Luteinizing Hormone &
The Productions of Testosterone

If you google the word Luteinizing Hormone or (LH), most of the articles you will find talks about the role of luteinizing hormone in women. There is very no info about the part of Luteinizing Hormone in men. While it may seem like a female hormone due to its role in ovulation, a surge of Luteinizing Hormone is a trigger that causes the ovary to release the egg, in the body. If you’ve been trying to conceive or have a baby your wife, significant other may be monitoring her Luteinizing Hormone levels. If she has trouble with ovulation, your doctor may prescribe medications that help with ovulation.

Many of this medication help stimulate the body to produce more Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and its cousin hormone, Stimulating Follicle Hormone (FSH). If you are not trying to conceive, or get pregnant, she may be on hormonal birth control pills. These pills prevent ovulation by blocking Stimulating Follicle Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone. It is one of the manliest hormones in your body. You can think of Luteinizing Hormone as a tiny drill sergeant that commands the Leydig Cells in the testicle to produce testosterone. When Luteinizing Hormone is present, the Leydig Cells generate Testosterone, when it is not, they don’t. Luteinizing Hormone is commander and chief of your Testosterone and critically crucial for sperm production count, muscle building, and overall sexual health.

Male hormones have a clinical nature to them. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) signals the testicle to produce Testosterone. Testosterone seeps out of the testis and into the bloodstream, where it circulates the body and put to good use. Manly things like growing chest hair, increase muscle and your voice deep are some of the effects.

The brain monitors the blood testosterone levels;

• If they drop too low, it will send a signal to the pituitary gland to send out more Luteinizing Hormone (LH) to kick start testosterone production.
• If your testosterone is chronically low (as in the case with hypogonadism or Low Testosterone), the brain will respond by increasing the level of Luteinizing Hormone (LH).
• If testosterone is chronically higher (as in the case with using testosterone therapy, other performance enhancers or steroids), the brain will shut down production of Luteinizing Hormone (LH). When testosterone therapy is stopped, without post-therapy, men can experience a “crash” as Testosterone levels plummet, but with a post-therapy, the brain lags in re-starting the machinery to generate Luteinizing Hormone.

Getting Tested:

To measure Luteinizing Hormone (LH) levels, you will need to get blood work in a hormone clinic done. Because, doctors will order blood to estimate a panel of hormones which usually includes Stimulating Follicle Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone, Testosterone, Estrogen and They may also add Estrodial, Prolactin which will provide additional information into the insight into your hormonal health and a physical to know your body composition.

In a typical day, Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Testosterone levels cycle from high to low. When getting blood work done to measure hormone levels, it is important to note the time of day that the analysis was performed to understand the values better.

Testosterone naturally will peak first thing in the morning (partially responsible for morning “wood”). For this reason, doctors prefer to regulate hormones between 8-10am to get a snapshot of your hormone panel profile when Testosterone level is likely to be highest.

When preparing for a Luteinizing Hormone test and to sure your doctor is aware of a few things like:

• Current Prescription Taking: Current or past use of testosterone therapy. (If you are using anything at the gym or in supplements stores and you aren’t quite sure), you should bring it with your doctor about the appointment.
• The Use Of Marijuana or THC: It may decrease the number of hormones levels, including Luteinizing Hormone.
• Medical Radioactive Tracer: This can interfere with the test
• Normal levels Luteinizing Hormone Range For Adult Males: 1–10 mIU/mL.

They are different labs report different reference ranges, and based on the exact way that they perform the blood work test. From a review of various lab reports, Values lower than 1.0 or higher than 10.0 typically indicate some problem.

For average men, Luteinizing Hormone (LH) typically falls somewhere between 4-7mIU/mL with drops and surges (about 6) throughout the day. Values below 4 and above seven may be considered borderline, and are useful to look at when compared to other hormones, particularly Testosterone and Prolactin.

In the studies that we have reviewed and found that these types of conditions have shown, and can significant drops in testosterone levels and minimal effect in Luteinizing Hormone (LH). Occasionally, Luteinizing Hormone may show up a little low, but often it is entirely in the normal range.

Therefore, low testosterone levels accompanied with normal Luteinizing Hormone (LH) levels often indicate the cause of Low Testosterone can tremendously help to diagnose the condition and also help to create a game plan for treating the cause while managing symptoms of low Testosterone.

Whats the Causes of high Luteinizing Hormone in Men?

If Luteinizing Hormone (LH) is high and testosterone is low. Then some damage is causing the testicle, or the pituitary gland is trying to compensate by going into overdrive and flooding the balls. With extra Luteinizing Hormone in hopes that it will encourage higher Testosterone production. In cases like this, Luteinizing Hormone levels are often off the charts high sometimes double or triple the average values.

Common causes for this include:

• Chromosome Abnormalities: Such as Klinefelter’s syndrome
• Childhood Problems: Such as testicle or testicular torsion, The injury that causes significant damage to testicular tissue
• Viral Infection: (most commonly mumps) that damages the testis.
• Radiation exposure or chemotherapy
• Testicular cancer
• Borderline High Luteinizing Hormone (LH) levels

Medications or untreated autoimmune disorders can cause slightly elevated Luteinizing Hormone (LH) levels (8.0 – 10.0 range). Some studies have linked Celiac’s Disease with elevated somewhat Luteinizing Hormone (LH). Men with the untreated disease can have moderately high Luteinizing Hormone levels, that usually return to normal upon starting a gluten-free diet.

What causes low Luteinizing Hormone in Men?

The most common reason for Luteinizing Hormone deficiency in men is the use of external androgens (testosterone, other performance enhancers or non-medication). External androgens can trick the brain into thinking the body is producing naturally high levels of testosterone which low down production of luteinizing hormone (LH) and consequently natural testosterone production.

The second most common cause of low Luteinizing Hormone (LH) levels is a health issue, and can directly impact the function of the pituitary in the brain, Most common causes of the pituitary malfunction can include genetic conditions, such as Prader-Willi Syndrome or Kallman’s Syndrome and can cause other problems like:

• Pituitary tumors (cancerous and benign)
• Hyperprolactinemia
• Head trauma
• Various Medications
• Auto-immune disorders
• Borderline low Luteinizing Hormone (LH) results

Luteinizing Hormone levels in the 1.0 – some things can cause 3.0 range. Like, reduce temporarily imbalance hormones: such as overtraining, endurance. They are significantly under or overweight Alcohol consumption spikes in insulin medications or other drugs. High-stress Chronic conditions: that can cause hormone imbalance: such as diabetes, insulin resistance, various auto-immune disorders and can create borderline or low levels of Luteinizing Hormone (LH).

 

Why Is Testosterone
Post Cycle Therapy Is Need It?

Why is Post Cycle Therapy (PCT) is perhaps the most critical aspect of testosterone use? The concept of the post cycle therapy (PCT), did not exist before the late 1980s, and 1990s and the mechanisms by which testosterone affected, the body were not wholly understood during the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s.

This period were doctors, scientists, and testosterone injections users were only beginning to learn about the dynamics of testosterone and how they affect the endocrine system. We believed and understood since the beginning of testosterone injections use, the administration of testosterone resulted in triggering the body’s negative loop of the (HPTA) Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis. That endogenous Testosterone production would result become suppressed and shut down. The, unfortunately, is during the early periods of testosterone use between the 1950s and 1990, there was limited access to the compounds or knowledge or effectively.

Today it is a very different story. Now scientific and medical understanding of bio-identical testosterone use has soared exponentially since the old ‘golden era’ days of looking young and testosterone therapy use in athletics. Countless developments of beneficial compounds for hormonal recovery after testosterone therapy use, alongside the increased scientific and medical knowledge, has enabled testosterone use and its associated endocrine disruptions. The proper knowledge on how to recover the body’s from Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA). Through post cycle therapy (PCT), we can not only emerge from their testosterone therapy while holding on to almost all of their benefits, but they can also increase the chances upwards to 90 percent or higher range of emerging with a fully healthy (HPTA).

Following the use of exogenous testosterone injections, the majority of users will experience what has been a hormonal crash or post cycle therapy crash, which is a physical environment in which key hormones essential is has been suppressed or shut down. The critical hormones in question are Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), and subsequently (and are most importantly), for our natural testosterone. The Luteinizing Hormone (LH), and the Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), known as phototropism. These hormones increase Testosterone secretion. Also alongside low levels of these hormones, to balance the essential hormones that have been thrown off balance, whereby Testosterone levels will be small, and most of the time, depending on the factors, estrogen levels will be higher than usual, and levels of Cortisol a steroid hormone that destroys muscle tissue. With the testosterone levels low and Cortisol levels in the average or high, Cortisol now can become a threat to the new muscle during the new testosterone therapy (“Testosterone correctly suppresses and counteracts Cortisol’s catabolic effects on muscle tissue”). The SHBG (Sex Hormone Binding Globulin) is also a concern here as well, which is a protein that binds to sex hormones Testosterone renders them inactive, essentially ‘handcuffing’ them and preventing them from exerting their effects. SHBG will also usually elevated during the post cycle therapy weeks as a result of the supraphysiological levels of androgens from the new testosterone therapy.

The human body will generally and restore this imbalance of hormones and recover from testosterone levels on its own, over time with no outside assistance or post cycle therapy (PCT), but the studies have demonstrated and shown us that without the intervention of testosterone stimulating agents, this will occur throughout one to four months. Therefore, all testosterone therapy should be concerned with the fastest possible hormonal recovery, assisted and boosted with the use of Testosterone stimulating compounds correctly, also the attempt to allow the body to recover on its own, from a very high probability of long-term endocrine damage to the Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA), whereby the individual will develop-induced hypogonadism to inability the production of proper levels of Testosterone to rest. So therefore paramount that an appropriate post cycle therapy that includes multiple recovery compounds to be utilized to not only restore the (HPTA) function but also to normalize the levels as quickly as possible. To avoid any possible permanent damage, which can take priority over the concern of maintain to the recently gained muscle mass and any other benefits from it.

What Post Cycle Therapy Protocol?

There are many different types of post cycle therapy (PCT) protocols that have overdeveloped over the years; any individual will become extremely confused about how many different opinions exist among the testosterone community, This article will present the best possible and most efficient post cycle therapy protocol valid scientific data, also myths in regards to post cycle therapy (PCT), and outline which post cycle therapy (PCT) protocols should not follow due to recent more advanced developments, as well as contemporary better scientific and medical understandings of how a proper post cycle therapy protocol should work. This point, there still exists very obsolete – and subsequently ineffective – post cycle therapy (PCT) contracts that are still utilized by many testosterone users, and this presents a severe hazard not only for the individual unknowingly using a post cycle therapy.

For example:

There are several therapeutic and safety reasons why you should not continue with testosterone injections indefinitely without giving your body time to normalize to reset. Because of the decline in benefits after six months of a testosterone therapy, the physicians need to regularly incorporate a cleanse therapy post cycle therapy (PCT) in an attempt to reactivate the endocrine in the body, as you increase your testosterone levels using any testosterone therapy, now the levels of testosterone circulating the body will shut down the natural production of your endogenous testosterone; and also increases the production of estrogen in your body, which can lead to a series of undesirable and unwanted side effects in the body. `This means that the synthesis of (LH) luteinizing hormone in your body; this hormone is produced by your brain to stimulate testosterone production. and follicle-stimulating hormone in the body; the hormone produced by your mind to boost sperm production suddenly stops. When Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) levels are no longer detectable, your body will not experience the exceptional health benefits, and energy-optimizing results expected from a testosterone injection program.

Another critical concern for men is testicular atrophy in patients that participate in testosterone therapy and may experience shrinkage of the testes, This occurs as the result of the lack of testosterone, and sperm production has been shut down, in response to the testosterone therapy.

What does post cycle therapy (PCT) consist of, an example?

Your post cycle therapy consists of a testosterone secretagogue to stimulate the secretion of endogenous testosterone from the testes to reignite natural production. The medication mimics the signal from your brain. The Luteinizing Hormone (LH) induce the production of testosterone. An example of a testosterone secretagogue is human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which is administered either using sublingual troches or subcutaneous injections once or twice a week during therapy and then on 10–15 consecutive days as part of a post cycle therapy (PCT). Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), mimics Luteinizing Hormone (LH) to stimulate testosterone production by the testes. It works by effectively tricking the testes into thinking that they are being instructed to produce testosterone, even though levels are comfortably elevated because of the injectable testosterone therapy. The testosterone production stimulated by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is not sufficient to sustain healthy testosterone levels on its own, but that is not the reason for this supplementation. The purpose is to ensure that the testes remain functioning during therapy to help avoid any shrinkage or atrophy.

You will also take an anti-estrogen or aromatase inhibitor. For example, Clomid/clomiphene blocks certain types of estrogen from getting to the pituitary and hypothalamus, where it elicits signals that stop testosterone production. Anti-estrogens or aromatase inhibitors also help to reactivate the standard functionality of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) signaling, while also helping to flush out any residual estrogen that has accumulated during therapy. The estrogen that collects during treatment is responsible for many of the adverse side effects associated with testosterone therapy.

An example of a post cycle therapy (PCT) protocol is as follows (note that the exact drug and dose prescribed will depend on the specific information contained within each patient file, as well as the individual patient goals):

• 250–800 units of a testosterone secretagogue every day for ten consecutive days
  
• One estrogen blocker or antagonist by mouth every day for 10–15 straight days

Without the proper understanding of what is explicitly occurring within the endocrine system during these crucial weeks, as well as a lack of knowledge of which compounds to utilize, what each compound does, and how to properly use them, serious problems can result.

The Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA):

The (HPTA), which is an axis interconnected endocrine glands in the body that deals with control the production Testosterone.

Post-Cycle-therapy:

Outlined above is a diagram of the Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA), Regulates the body produces the amount of Testosterone at any given time. Every individual is essentially programmed by (DNA) genetics as to maximum Testosterone they will provide.

The Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) and the functions that undergo a negative feedback loop, and the body will reduce secretion of Testosterone, f have too much Testosterone the body will be detected, known as the negative feedback loop. This controlled by the hypothalamus, which is mostly considered the ‘master’ gland for all endocrine system and the hormonal functions in the body. The negative feedback will loop ultimately in the body to attempt to maintain the hormonal homeostasis, and all endocrine glands operate by way of the negative feedback loop in one way or another in varying degrees, In the case of post cycle therapy, the concern is a negative feedback loop of the (HPTA).

Within the Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA), the concern during post cycle therapy (PCT) is the restoration and regulation of the following five hormones to homeostasis:

• GnRH (Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone)
  
• LH (Luteinizing Hormone)
  
• FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
  
• Testosterone production

The Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA), the hypothalamus, which will detect a need for the human body to produce more Testosterone, and will release varying amounts of GnRH, Is a hormone that signals the pituitary gland, to begin the production and release of two essential gonadotropins: Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH). Two hormones that work together to start the secretion of Testosterone.

Two primary hormonal factors serve to inhibit, reduce, suppress, or shut down Testosterone production in the Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA):

• Testosterone Excess
  
• Estrogen Excess

Although there exist other hormones that serve to inhibit and suppress Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) function (such as Progestins and Prolactin), these are the two primary conditional hormones that are of concern. When the hypothalamus detects excess levels of Testosterone and Estrogen in the body (either from the use of exogenous androgens on an testosterone therapy or otherwise), the hypothalamus will act to attempt to restore a balance by essentially doing the opposite of what was previously described. The hypothalamus will reduce or stop its production of GnRH, which halts production of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), which ultimately reduces or halts production of Testosterone. Until the hypothalamus’ ideal hormonal environment is restored, the output of the various signaling hormones within the (HPTA) will not begin, and this will often require months for the body to do this on its own without the intervention of any Testosterone stimulating agents. The reason as to why the recovery of the (HPTA) naturally takes such a long time should be very clear due to the described workings of the (HPTA).

This fundamental understanding of the mechanisms of the Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) and negative feedback loop described above is essential to understanding how and why a proper post cycle therapy (PCT) program must be developed and utilized following an testosterone therapy.

Determining Factors In Difficulty Recovering the Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA):

With testosterone therapy use, there are several different major determining factors in how much difficulty an individual will experience in recovery of their Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) and endogenous Testosterone function during post cycle therapy (PCT).

They are the following factors, in no particular order of importance:

• Individual response
  
• Type of testosterone(s) used
  
• Length of the cycle (degree of testicular desensitization)

Individual response:

Every single individual will respond differently to any chemical, compound, testosterone, food or drug in existence. While some individuals might experience no Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) suppression or shutdown at all, other individuals might experience severe Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) suppression and closure to the extent where they might require far more extended periods to ensure full recovery than most. This, like anything else, is a spectrum whereby there are the very ‘lucky’ individuals that recover very quickly and easily on one end of the spectrum, and the ‘unlucky’ individuals that have extreme difficulty recovering during post cycle therapy. In between the two extremes is the average. Once again, this is due to the individual’s genetic programming as to how the Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) will respond and attempt to maintain homeostasis.

Type of Testosterone Therapy(s) used:

All testosterone therapy exhibit suppression or shutdown of the Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) through the mechanisms of the negative feedback loop, and there are no exceptions to this. Various testosterone therapy are known as being mildly suppressive, while others are identified as being profoundly suppressive. This is all reliant on multiple different reasons, many of which will not be discussed here. In any case, no matter how mild or severe an testosterone therapy exerts Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) suppression, all testosterone therapy when utilized for typical cycle lengths of weeks at a time will eventually cause the Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) to shut down, or at the very least severely suppress its hormonal signal processes.

Length of the cycle degree of testicular desensitization:

This is perhaps the most important and most influential factor. As the range of testosterone therapy use continues, the majority of the Leydig cells of the testes remain dormant and inactive, and the longer these interstitial cells stay dormant and idle, the higher the difficulty is essentially getting these cells to respond to the stimulus of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) once again. It has been discovered in studies that the issue of recovery of the Leydig cells following testosterone therapy use is not due to a lack of Luteinizing Hormone (LH), but due instead to the desensitization of the Leydig cells to (LH). In one study in which exogenous Testosterone was administered to male test subjects for 21 weeks, Luteinizing Hormone (LH) levels were suppressed shortly after beginning administration. However, at the end of the 21 weeks, Luteinizing Hormone (LH) levels were observed to rise within three weeks once the exogenous Testosterone administration stopped, but Testosterone levels did not arise until many weeks later in most of the test subjects.

Recovery During The Post Cycle Therapy (PCT).

To stimulating hormonal recovery during post cycle therapy, it is essential for individuals to understand that the use of any medication except for a single select one or two is inadequate for hormonal recovery during post cycle therapy (PCT). Ideally, all post cycle therapy programs should be a multi-component post cycle therapy (PCT) program that includes several different compounds that work in tandem with one another to provide the most effective and fastest possible Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) recovery following an testosterone therapy.

The three categories of compounds are in order of importance:

• SERMs (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators)
  
• Aromatase Inhibitors
  
• HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin)

SERMs:

Classes of drugs in the SERM category include: Nolvadex (Tamoxifen Citrate), Clomid (Clomiphene Citrate), Raloxifene, and Fareston (Toremifene Citrate). The nature of a SERM is that it exhibits mixed Estrogen agonist and Estrogen antagonist effects on the body. This means that although a SERM might block the effect of Estrogen at the cellular level in specific tissues, it can enhance Estrogenic impacts in other areas of the body. These can be positive effects as well as adverse effects. Nolvadex, for example, exhibits Estrogenic agonistic effects in the liver, which is a positive effect, as its effects here result in a positive change in cholesterol profiles (something desired by many). All SERMs to varying degrees serve to act as an Estrogen antagonist in this area, working to mitigate Estrogen’s effects on breast tissue, reducing or blocking the side effect of gynecomastia. Regarding the impact of SERMs on endogenous Testosterone stimulation, they serve to act as an Estrogen antagonist at the pituitary gland, triggering the release of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) as a result. Elevated levels of Estrogen in men can and does suppress the output of endogenous Testosterone via the negative feedback loop, leading to hypogonadism. SERMs for this purpose are an essential addition to any post cycle therapy (PCT) protocol and are not to be excluded under any circumstance. Regardless of this, however, the sole focus should not be on SERMs.

Aromatase Inhibitors:

These are compounds such as Aromasin (Exemestane), Arimidex (Anastrozole), and Letrozole (Femara). Rather than block the activity of Estrogen at the cellular level in different tissues, aromatase inhibitors (AIs) serve to lower total circulating Estrogen levels in the body by way of inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which is the enzyme responsible for the conversion of androgens into Estrogen. The transformation of androgens into Estrogen results in excess Estrogen levels, which, as explained earlier in this article, will trigger the negative feedback loop leading to suppression of Testosterone production. By way of lowering total circulating blood plasma Estrogen levels, AIs will positively engage the negative feedback loop and result in the release of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) for the manufacture and secretion of more Testosterone. This is mainly due to the hypothalamus realizing that circulating. Estrogen levels are too low and will attempt to increase circulating levels of Testosterone for a portion of the Testosterone secreted to be able to become aromatized into Estrogen to restore the hormonal balance. The other importance of aromatase inhibitors is the ability to mitigate the Estrogenic effects of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), which will be explained shortly. It is important to note, however, that the majority of aromatase inhibitors do not comply very well with SERMs such as Nolvadex, and those particular choices should be made in regards as to which AI is used during post cycle therapy (PCT).

HCG:

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin is, for the most part, synthetic Luteinizing Hormone (LH). It is a protein hormone manufactured in high amounts by pregnant females that contains a protein subunit that is 100% identical to Luteinizing Hormone (LH), and therefore when administered to men, it will mimic the action of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) in target tissues, such as the testes. What results is an increase in Testosterone production via stimulation of the Leydig cells by human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) should never be utilized alone, as its nature as a gonadotropin will itself trigger a negative feedback loop whereby once human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is used, the pituitary gland will halt output of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) until human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) use has discontinued. Therefore, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) must be utilized with a SERM and especially an aromatase inhibitor, as human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) has demonstrated to increase aromatase activity in the testes, resulting in rising Estrogen levels.

Putting Them Together:

The reader may be wondering which compounds to select of the three categories listed, and how to use them properly. The answer lies in understanding the properties of each and, in interpreting these properties, how to use them efficiently and appropriately.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG):

The first item to be examined will be human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). The majority of testosterone therapy users from the 1960s – mid-1980s did not even utilize any compounds for hormonal recovery, and the term post cycle therapy (PCT) did not even exist at that time. When the use of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) became increasingly popular (circa 1980), it was the only compound utilized. Since then, the medical and scientific understanding of such things has increased exponentially, and there should be no reason for any informed and adequately educated individual to utilize human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) on its own for post cycle therapy (PCT). When used in conjunction with one of the other two categories of compounds (an AI and a SERM), the dynamics change considerably.

It has been mentioned already that much of the difficulty in recovering the Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) following an testosterone therapy is the result of Leydig cell desensitization. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is necessarily an analog of Luteinizing Hormone (LH), and the testes after a prolonged testosterone therapy would be as equally desensitized to human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) as they are to Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The human body, however, produces Luteinizing Hormone (LH) amounts on its own that is far too inefficient for proper and rapid Testosterone production. The body’s natural increase of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), evidenced by the study referenced earlier in which it was not until three weeks when Luteinizing Hormone (LH) levels only began to reach the standard physiological measurements following the cessation of Testosterone. Therefore, the body’s natural Luteinizing Hormone (LH) production does not provide a high enough dose for stimulation, nor an immediate stimulus to the tests required for the initial increase in Testosterone needed during the post cycle therapy weeks.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), utilized in a specific manner during the first 1 – 2 weeks of post cycle therapy (PCT) at a dose of 100-1,500IU every 2 days, is what allows the individual to provide the testes with a high dose to provide them with a ‘shock’ effect, and sustain this shock effect on the Leydig cells of the testes for a sustained period of the first 1 – 2 weeks of post cycle therapy. Studies have demonstrated the incredible effectiveness of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) for this purpose, it been suggested that human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) therapy is utilized to treat low testosterone and hypogonadism. Following this line of thought, the other two compounds (the SERM and the AI) are to be used as supportive compounds for human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) use in this 1 – 2 week period, and after human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is discontinued early on in post cycle therapy (PCT), only the SERM is to be used in order to carry along the hormonal recovery process.

In spite of the good news in regards to the ability for human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) to assist in hormonal recovery, there are still two remaining issues to be addressed:

• The fact that human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) causes increased production of aromatase, leading to increased Estrogen levels.
  
• Following the discontinuation of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), the body is left with very little endogenous Luteinizing Hormone (LH), and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) production due to the exogenous administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG).

Aromatase Inhibitors:

Aromasin (Exemestane) Above All Else The first of the two remaining issues to be addressed will be the fact that human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) will trigger increases in testicular aromatase expression, and result in Estrogen increases in the body. It should also be noted that it will cause an increase in testicular progesterone levels. Estrogen rising is, of course, undesirable during post cycle therapy (PCT), as it has already been explained that Estrogen will trigger suppression of endogenous Testosterone production, and there is no doubt that any individual wishes to encounter Estrogenic side effects during post cycle therapy (PCT) either.

Therefore, the option here is to include an aromatase inhibitor. However, there exists a big problem in regards to the other two of the three major aromatase inhibitors (Arimidex and Letrozole). The issue is the fact that in a post cycle therapy (PCT) program that includes the use of SERMs such as Nolvadex and Clomid, which are known as essential components to a post cycle therapy (PCT) program, Arimidex and Letrozole have direct negative interactions with Nolvadex. The problem here is that Arimidex (or Letrozole) and Nolvadex both directly counteract one another. One study has demonstrated that when Arimidex is utilized with Nolvadex, Nolvadex will decrease the blood plasma concentration of Arimidex (as well as Letrozole, another commonly used aromatase inhibitor). The conclusion here is that the use of Arimidex or Letrozole with Nolvadex together is a terrible idea and may work together in a post cycle therapy (PCT) protocol. Aromasin completely circumvents this problem, as it has been demonstrated to have no interactions what so ever with Nolvadex, unlike the other two aromatase above inhibitors. In one study, Aromasin displayed no such reduced effectiveness or any reduced blood plasma levels when utilized with Nolvadex.

The other benefit of selecting Aromasin over all other AIs is the fact that Aromasin has demonstrated in several studies to impact cholesterol profiles in a negative manner far less than other aromatase inhibitors have, wherein one particular review on cancer patients, 24 weeks of Aromasin (Exemestane) administration held no impact on cholesterol profiles. Some other studies have also demonstrated a nil effect on cholesterol profiles from the use of Aromasin. Although there have also been some studies that have shown a negative impact on cholesterol profiles resultant from Aromasin use, it is evident that there is not as a significant or as a negatively impacting effect from Aromasin on cholesterol as other aromatase inhibitor.

Finally, in addition to these benefits from Aromasin, it is evident that Aromasin holds the ability to increase Testosterone levels in males as demonstrated by studies. For example, one particularly notable study selected 12 healthy young male test subjects, and were administered random Aromasin doses of 25mg and 50mg for a 10 day period, and not only was Estrogen suppressed by a significant amount (38%), but Testosterone levels in the test subjects were observed to have increased by an incredible 60%.

Following these details, Aromasin would be the best possible aromatase inhibitor of choice to combat the increased aromatase activity caused by human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Therefore, Aromasin would then be utilized at a full 25mg daily dose, and only while human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is used. Once human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is discontinued, Aromasin too should be halted.

The only following issue to cover now is that of stimulating and maintaining proper endogenous Luteinizing Hormone (LH) release to carry recovery along until the body can become self-sufficient once again.

Nolvadex and Clomid: 

The question is often asked among the testosterone therapy using community: Clomid or Nolvadex? Which one for post cycle therapy (PCT)?

First of all, the best possible addition to human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in a post cycle therapy (PCT) protocol is Nolvadex (Tamoxifen Citrate), as studies have demonstrated that human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and Nolvadex utilized together have exhibited a remarkable synergistic effect in terms of stimulating endogenous Testosterone production and that Nolvadex will actually work to block the desensitization effect on the Leydig cells of the testes caused by high doses of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). This is very important because just as too little Luteinizing Hormone (LH) secretion for extended periods can cause desensitization to gonadotropins, too much gonadotropin stimulation (in the form of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) or otherwise) will likewise create a desensitization effect.

Secondly, Nolvadex on an mg for mg basis is far more effective than Clomid in stimulating endogenous Testosterone production, as well as being a more cost-effective choice than Clomid itself. Studies have demonstrated that 150mg of Clomid (Clomiphene Citrate) administered daily raised endogenous Testosterone levels of 10 healthy males by approximately 150%, while incidentally, 20mg of Nolvadex (Tamoxifen Citrate) daily raised endogenous Testosterone levels by the same amount. It is very evident here that Clomid is very useful for this purpose, but Nolvadex seems to be a more cost-effective choice seeing as though it is more effective than Clomid when compared mg for mg. The benefits of Nolvadex over Clomid do not end there – Clomid, although it does exhibit Estrogen antagonist effects at the pituitary gland as Nolvadex does, actually shows Estrogen agonist effects there too. What this means is that Clomid will work in varying degrees as an Estrogen at the pituitary gland, triggering the negative feedback loop and reducing the output of Testosterone stimulating gonadotropins Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH). This is a severe problem during post cycle therapy, which is a period in which individuals are trying to recover their Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) function rather than halt it even further. Ideally, one would want a SERM that exhibits almost 100% Estrogen antagonistic effects on the pituitary gland, and Nolvadex is the perfect choice for this.

When it comes to the dosing aspect of Nolvadex, The standard dose for post cycle therapy (PCT) and for stimulating the release of GnRH (Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), and ultimately Testosterone is that of a single Nolvadex dose of 20 – 40mg daily. In all studies involving Nolvadex doses used to stimulate endogenous Testosterone production, only 20 – 40mg daily of Nolvadex was utilized, and it has been shown that doubling the dose to 40mg or any higher will not produce any significant difference in endogenous Testosterone secretion. The only reason why many elects to utilize 40mg daily of Nolvadex for the first 1-2 weeks of a post cycle therapy (PCT) program is to achieve optimal peak blood plasma levels quicker to ensure Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) recovery faster.

The ideal post cycle therapy protocol for 4 – 6 weeks Total post cycle therapy (PCT) time (depending on the recovery ability of the individual):

01) Weeks 1 – 2:

• human chorionic gonadotropin at 1000iu/E2D.
  
• Aromasin (Exemestane) at 25mg/day.
  
• Nolvadex (Tamoxifen Citrate) at 40mg/day.

02) Weeks 2 – 6:

• Nolvadex or (Tamoxifen Citrate).

Additional and Optional, Vitamins, Supplements, Compounds to Aid During post cycle therapy (PCT), Aside from the principal components discussed, various other parts are mostly optional, but still very useful for hormonal recovery of the Hypothalamic Pituitary Testicular Axis (HPTA) during the post cycle therapy weeks.

Vitamin B12 Health Benefits, There has been a lot of controversy over whether or not there is indeed a benefit from taking B12 supplements. Some doctors suggest that as long as a person is not vegan (though probiotics in the gut can produce some B12), they are probably getting sufficient B12 from the basic foods they are ingesting.

Let us reference some studies:

There is documented research from the Framingham Study suggesting that 40% of all people are deficient in B12. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition researched in 2009, and they published a study suggesting close to 6% of U.S. and U.K. residents over the age of 60 are B12 deficient. Another 20% were referenced as “marginal status.”

Vitamin B12 Health Benefits has the most multifaceted and prevalent chemical structure of all vitamins. One area where it differentiates from other vitamins is in the fact that it’s the only vitamin that contains a metal commonly referred to as Cobalamin, which is also a universal term for all the various compounds that may have some B12 properties in it.

B12 can improve energy by aiding in thyroid function and cellular methylation, That being said, B12 is not only useful in supporting healthy energy levels. It is unequivocally essential to life and whole existence. People deficient in B12 will suffer from serious health issues if the problem is not addressed.

What role B12 plays in the following human biological processes:

• Nerve and brain regeneration
  
• Adrenal gland support
  
• Male and female reproductive health
  
• Nutrient absorption
  
• Red blood cell formation
  
• Cellular energy
  
• Memory recall
• DNA synthesis

Here are some of the risks associated depleted B12 levels are:

• Pernicious anemia
  
• Migraine headaches
  
• Macular degeneration
  
• Tinnitus
  
• Fatigue (adrenal fatigue and CFS)
  
• Multiple sclerosis
  
• Memory loss
  
• Neuropathy
  
• Anemia
  
• Asthma
  
• Shingles
  
• Kidney disease
  
• Depression

What is Ibutamoren MK-677 and The Benefits

Ibutamoren MK-677 and the all-news online and forums are talking about Ibutamoren and for the properties to help athletes recover faster and used by those patients wishing to increase their growth hormone. However, clinical studies of this compound Ibutamoren are relative, So far, Ibutamoren (also known as MK-677), and promotes the secretion of the growth hormone (GH), and increases insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) Levels.

Ibutamoren MK-677 increases the growth hormone levels by mimicking the action of the hormone ghrelin and binding the ghrelin receptors (GHSR) in the brain. The activated (GHSR) stimulates growth hormone release from the brain, (GHSR) found in brain regions that control appetite, mood, pleasure, biological rhythms, memory, and cognition. Therefore, we can expect ibutamoren MK-677 may also affect these functions. The clinical studies describe only the effects ibutamoren MK-677 has on appetite.

The great thing about ibutamoren MK-677 increases with little or no efforts the growth hormone levels. Also, help such as cortisol levels: cortisol help suppress the immune system to heal faster and impairs the learning and memory.

Uses Of Ibutamoren MK-677

Building Muscle:

Ibutamoren MK-677 is frequently used as an anabolic substance, to increase lean body mass, and create muscle. It is orally active also and can be taken once a day. These are all full benefits compared to other growth hormone stimulators.

As previously mentioned, ibutamoren MK-677 increases growth hormone levels and the (IGF-1). Both growth hormone and (IGF-1), and it help increase muscle mass, muscle strength, and reduce body fat In obese patients, a two-month treatment (DB-RCT) with ibutamoren MK-677 increased lean mass, and transiently increased basal metabolic rate (BMR).

Muscle Wasting and Strength:

In a study done (DB-RCT) in eight patients healthy volunteers and where food-deprived, and ibutamoren MK-677 reversed the diet-induced protein loss and helped with the muscle wasting patients. In a study 123 elderly patients with hip fracture, ibutamoren improved gait speed, muscle strength and reduced the number of falls (RCT).

Bone Density and Healing:

Growth hormone (GH) increases bone healing and eventually bone density. Now because of the increased turnover in treated patients with growth hormone. Patients under the therapy over (1 year) to see the bone density increase, and in 24 volunteers with healthy obese patients, ibutamoren MK-677 increased the bone turnover (DB-RCT).

The study on 187 elderly Patients, Ibutamoren MK-677, increased bone building, measured by osteocalcin on bone turnover in multiple studies (3 DB-RCTs). In one study (DB-RCT), In 292 women patients with post-menopausal. Ibutamoren MK-677 has increased bone mineral density which helps improve bone strength and prevent osteoporosis and more.

Better Quality Sleep Duration:

A study on (DB-PCT) showed that in both younger and elderly patients, ibutamoren MK-677 improved sleep quality and Rapid Eye Movement (REM), and sleep duration, apart from scientific studies done, there have been many reports, across various forums online.

Now can’t perform your best in the weight room or the boardroom without great and better sleep by Biohacking Insomnia.

Longevity Benefits:

Growth Hormone Secretion (GHS) and muscle mass both decline around mid-puberty throughout life, In a study with 65 senior men and women (DB-RCT), THE daily ibutamoren MK-677 increased Growth Hormones and (IGF-1) levels without serious adverse effects. Now the (IGF-1) is known to have beneficial effects on longevity.

Memory Enhancement Effects:

Ibutamoren MK 677 increases (IGF-1), which is known to enhance memory and learning, Ibutamoren MK-677 also increases (REM) sleep duration and quality. Understand that sleep is essential for proper cognitive function, A study (DB-multicenter) questioned the association of low (IGF-1) and Alzheimer’s, and whether ibutamoren MK 677 could be of help. However, in this study, ibutamoren MK-677 was ineffective at slowing the progression of Alzheimer’s in Patients.

Growth Hormone Deficiency:

Ibutamoren MK 677 can increase growth hormone, (IGF-1), levels in children with growth hormone deficiency. Furthermore, these effects change the concentrations of prolactin, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyrotropin, glucose, cortisol, and insulin.

In severe men with GH deficiency Ibutamoren MK 677 increased (IGF-1) and growth hormone, with no changes in cortisol, PRL, and thyroid hormone levels. However, insulin and glucose increased (DB-RCT).

Tissue Regeneration and Wound Healing:

Growth hormone (GH) increases tissue regeneration and wound healing so that ibutamoren MK 677 may help with these. There are individual reports of ibutamoren being helpful, but scientific studies are lacking.

Health Consultant Press Release:

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

Anti Aging Rejuvenation Clinic (AAI Clinics) Receives 2018 Best of Plantation, Award Program Honors the Achievement.

The History of CJC 1295 Growth Hormone

HGH/GH (Growth hormones) are essential in building lean body mass, muscle gain, and strength. Athletes and individuals who want to get shredded are known to use products like Ipamorelin CJC 1295.

You see, most people or athletes try to build muscle by eating lots and lots of protein and other unhealthy foods, but they end up getting fat instead. So how do you make sure a significant percentage of the food (proteins) you eat will be for only one sole purpose of building lean mass?

There’s a new product called Ipamorelin CJC 1295 therapy and is a GHP, (growth hormone peptide) that acts similar to GHRH’s (Growth Hormone Releasing Hormones), which boosts Growth Hormone production and more.

You know when it’s working When it has got the media’s attention. In 2013, and leading news site in Australia confirmed the story of a successful athlete reported to be in possession of the peptide.

He was wrong about the part, but the Ipamorelin CJC 1295 seems to have built up quite a reputation for catching the eye of a top physician. The can be gotten online through legal means.

We have our very own trusted pharmacies which you can find under ‘Where to Buy Ipamorelin CJC 1295 Online’ in this article, and It may also be something different bearing the nametag on the vial.

Even though the CJC 1295. Has confirmed to work on human beings, there are still a few questions to ask: What is CJC 1295? Is it as useful as GHRH? And Most of all. YES, is it safe to use? Know more about Ipamorelin CJC 1295 in this review!

What is CJC-1295 Therapy?

CJC 1295 acts on the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of Growth Hormone in pulses as the axis of the HGH, and it regulates the amount of hormone that continues in the body at a time. The increase of Growth Hormone leads to an increase in IGF-1 levels (which affects adults). Improvement in these levels, and it can help in fat loss and muscle gain. It works longer than pure GRHF (Growth Releasing Hormone Factor) and increases the IGF-1.

The DAC (Drug Affinity Complex) in the Ipamorelin CJC 1295 increases the life-span for growth hormones, and boosting the beneficial and effects with less frequent dosing, unlike natural Growth Hormone (GH).

 

When to Use CJC-1295 Therapy?

This Medication is best for those who do not prefer therapy and are in need of GH production support. It’s mainly for athletes, fitness buffs and even moms who wish to stay fit.

CJC 1295 Dosage and Usage for Therapy?

Dosing for CJC 1295 Therapy is less frequent as the half-life with DAC is until eight days, and two mg of Ipamorelin CJC 1295 with DAC twice a week along with your daily of GHRP.

Benefits will provide smaller but more regular growth hormone pulses that would preferably get you closer to exogenous HGH doses.

Administer on an empty stomach, for more, or only when foods with protein have been consumed or, Eat at least 30 minutes after the peptide. Now this will be the time the release of the GH is at its peak, letting you eat anything you want.

Benefits of CJC-1295 Therapy:

1) Reduced body fat
2) Quicker recovery
3) Improved protein synthesis
4) Promotes bone density, and (as well as cellular stimulation for skin
5) Cells and internal organs)

Ipamorelin CJC 1295 vs. HGH Which one more beneficial?

Ipamorelin CJC 1295 is better than (HGH) Human Growth Hormone hands down. ipamorelin CJC 1295 causes an increase in your (HGH) and production, and it aids the stimulation of (IGF-1) as well. It’s more affordable than Human Growth Hormone (HGH) and produces the same loss of body fat and muscular.

The Verdict of the CJC 1295:

In conclusion, Ipamorelin CJC-1295 is a potent as GHRH that can be efficiently used with a GHRP and make the most of the ultimate GH release athletes are in search. Plus it’s convenient, for travel.

The results of Ipamorelin CJC-1295 in muscle building, performance improvement, and “quality of life” make it a desirable solution for most patients.

Wikipedia (2018). CJC 1295. Available at:

www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CJC-1295
www.swolhq.com/cjc-1295/Conjunchem
www.conjuchem.com/
www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_hormone
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC297368/

The Importance of Hormone Replacement and Vitamin in our Life

Hormone Replacement in the body needs a minimum amount of vitamins, amino acid, and minerals each day to remain healthy and function properly. A balanced diet supplies typically sufficient Hormone Replacement. However, severe disorders can still develop if the food does not meet if your body doesn’t use it. Symptoms of the deficiency in vitamins and minerals usually appear when is already too late. For example, people who don’t have enough Vitamins A, B1 and B2 suffer from tiredness, chapped lips, mental or emotional disturbances, and loss of appetite, among other problems.

The common causes of vitamin deficiencies include poor eating habits, Drugs, and emotional stress, alcoholism. The improper absorption of vitamins and minerals in your body (usually is due to the liver or intestinal disorders), also the intake of medicines that interfere with the ingestion of vitamins or lack of exposure to sunlight. If you always feel sluggish and suffer from chronic health-related inconveniences, you might be short of the vitamins your body needs to function on an optimal level. Doctors will usually prescribe Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy supplements that address the lack of vitamins and minerals that your body needs… However, also keep in mind not abuse it, as an excess of vitamins can also be harmful in the body.

The right vitamins and minerals should accompany proper food consumption. Vitamins serve as buffers if your diet does not meet your daily requirements. Surely you can’t calculate how much vitamins or minerals your body intakes in every meal you consume daily, and while most people take vitamins and minerals to avoid common problems or deficiency-related diseases, not every product works or cater to what your body requires or need.

The critical component you must look for in Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy is the vitamin B-complex, like B6, B12, D, E, folic acid, and more. Aside from being dietary supplements, these so-called B vitamins have been known to help combat certain types of cancer or heart diseases ailments. While there remains the hard-lined link between cancer and a daily intake of B complex vitamins, studies have suggested their preventive powers to help raise the importance of daily doses of vitamins and minerals into our body.

The old belief that proper dieting is enough to keep you going has become a myth, and people are starting to educate them self on the power of hormones and now It is time to invest in your health with Hormone Replacement Therapy, Vitamins and Nutraceutical medication. Now is up to us whether we want to admit it or not, We need vitamins in our body. But when we think about it, vitamins Hormones are probably the cheapest type of insurance readily available in the market right now. Who are we to say no?

AAI Rejuvenation clinic specializes in treating chronic age-related diseases and symptoms. Our primary goal is to promote wellness and vitality by focusing on the early detection of hormonal imbalances. A therapy through AAI is individualized to suit your unique needs in alignment with specific health and fitness goals.

Our programs supersede other clinics in that we provide a combination of three crucial elements for successful treatment. First, we prescribe state of the art pharmaceutical support supplied by our specialized pharmacies. To partner with AAI, these pharmacies have to be by the highest regulations for injectable medications.

Most common deficiencies are treated with Testosterone, Sermorelin, HGH options or vitamins Therapy. We provide all supporting medications to ensure your endocrine system is functioning at a superlative level. Secondly, we follow with the latest in plant-based medicine to help cellular support during and after treatment enhancing your benefits and minimizing your ailments. Lastly, we provide the best patient advocate support available.

Our advisers have been trained strictly by our physicians to ensure that you are empowered to understand your treatment from start to finish. We genuinely believe in our therapies because we have experienced the life-changing benefits first hand and through our patients.

Amino acids are nitrogen-containing nutrients that form the building blocks of peptides and proteins. Hundreds of different types of protein are vital for growth, development, metabolism, and sustaining life; therefore, having a sufficient balance of amino acids is essential for these same processes. Humans have 20 amino acids. Of these, the human body can produce 11. The other nine must be consumed through the diet or supplements; therefore, they are considered “essential.” Our associated laboratories are the very best in the country and compound only the highest quality nutraceuticals. Although everyone says this, we can prove it.

 

More Vitamin and amino Acid Information:

• Vitamins and Amino Acids
• G.A.C.
• MIC Complex and Lipo Factors
• L-Arginine
• L-Carnitine
• L-Glutathione
• Vitamin B-12

Male Menopause or Low Testosterone, In our practice of low hormones, I’ve noticed that there is an increasing number of younger guys, as much as older men are complaining of sexual concerns and problems, like diminished libido and erectile difficulties.

Does some clinician believe that factors like obesity, stress and inadequate sleep probably play a role in such issues in the production of your hormones, and isn’t purely a lifestyle problem or question? These factors are also common or possible causes of low levels of testosterone, which can influence the role of sexual function problems.

“Low Testosterone” is still most common in men over 30, also known male menopause or andropause, as you gradual testosterone decrease in testosterone typically occurs steadily over time. In fact, “after age 30, men experience a 3% reduction in testosterone every year,” the naturopathic doctor said. “According to Michael A. Werner, MD, a specialist in male infertility, erectile dysfunction and sexual dysfunction, male menopause or andropause occurs in 2% to 5% of men ages 40 to 49, rises to 6% to 30% in men ages 50 to 59, reaches 20% to 45% in men 60 to 69, and is found in up to 70% of men of ages 70 to 79 experience andropause with low testosterone.”

So that being said, low testosterone isn’t necessarily just a consequence of aging. Some factors can have an impact on a man’s testosterone levels. Low Testosterone has many factors influence sexual health, including mood, energy level, nutrition, genetics, age, health conditions, and medications, and more commonly seen in older men or such as:

Motivation: As testosterone production declines so do energy-boosting components and restful sleep, thus producing decreased motivation.

libido: Low levels of testosterone cause a reduction in sex drive.

Depression: When a person experiences low testosterone levels it alters hormone production, which can lead to depression.

Erectile Dysfunction: Testosterone supplementation can be used to reverse or correct low testosterone-induced erectile dysfunction.

Fatigue: A decrease in testosterone levels leads to hormonal changes, which can cause fatigue, also can be exacerbated by low testosterone-induced sleep loss, which can quickly turn into a vicious cycle.

High Cholesterol: High cholesterol is a silent killer that can lead to a variety of heart conditions. Testosterone injections, when used in a proper protocol, can lower cholesterol, blood pressure, and triglyceride levels.

Low Energy & Fatigue: Symptoms of aging can be a direct result of diminishing levels of testosterone or (Low-T) in the body. As we age, our bodies produce less and less testosterone, causing low energy and fatigue.

Memory Loss: Some recent evidence suggests that testosterone might help prevent and treat the effects of brain aging. Some patients treated with testosterone injections expressed a palpable increase in their cognitive function, short- and long-term memory, and vocabulary improvements.

Thyroid: The hormones produced by the thyroid and adrenal glands regulate vital processes throughout the body. If thyroid hormone and cortisol levels are abnormal, the rest of the body does not function properly. Some studies have suggested a link between low thyroid function and low testosterone levels.

Weight Gain: The production of certain hormones decreases after the age of 30. The lean body mass of some organs also starts to decline, whereas fat mass increases. Testosterone administration can affect your body composition.

One option for low testosterone is prescription is testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), “Testosterone, like all hormones, has multiple actions on many body functions and the mind,” that being said.

“In my opinion, it should be taken — and prescribed — only to correct a deficiency documented by appropriate blood tests.” Otherwise, We recommend “an integrative approach to sexual health” that assesses all the many factors that affect testosterone.